Short answer
Usually yes. Collecting remotely does not avoid licensing; what matters is where the consumer is, not how you contact them. If you email, call, or message a resident of a state that licenses collectors, that state generally expects you to be licensed there, the same as if you had an office in the state.
Remote collection is still collection. States that license collection agencies apply the requirement based on the consumer's location, so reaching residents by phone, email, text, or an online portal triggers the same licensing as a physical presence would. Operating from a single office while collecting nationwide does not change the map.
That is why a digital-first agency often needs the same set of state licenses and bonds as a traditional one, tracked by where its consumers live.
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